ISO 3166-1 alpha-2

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A map of Europe, with ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes in place of the names of countries and other territories

ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO (the others being alpha-3 and numeric), and are used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains (with a few exceptions).¹ They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.

Uses and applications

The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are used in different environments and are also part of other standards. In some cases they are not perfectly implemented.

Perfect implementations

The ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are used in the following standards:

ISO 3166-2 — Country subdivision code²
ISO 3901 — International Standard Recording Code (ISRC)³
ISO 4217 — Currency code⁴
ISO 6166 — International Securities Identifying Number (ISIN)⁵
ISO 9362 — Bank Identifier Codes (BIC), also known as SWIFT codes⁶
ISO 13616 — International Bank Account Number (IBAN)⁷
UN/LOCODE — United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations, implemented by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe⁸

Imperfect implementations

Starting in 1985, ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes have been used in the Domain Name System as country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority currently assigns the ccTLDs mostly following the alpha-2 codes, but with a few exceptions.⁹ For example, the United Kingdom, whose alpha-2 code is GB, uses .uk instead of .gb as its ccTLD, as UK is currently exceptionally reserved in ISO 3166-1 on the request of the United Kingdom.

The WIPO coding standard ST.3 is based on ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes, but includes a number of additional codes for international intellectual property organizations, which are currently reserved and not used at the present stage in ISO 3166-1.¹⁰

The European Commission uses ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes with two exceptions: EL (not GR) is used to represent Greece, and UK (not GB) is used to represent the United Kingdom.¹¹ This notwithstanding, the Official Journal of the European Communities specified that GB and GR be used to represent the United Kingdom and Greece respectively.¹²

The United Nations uses a combination of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes, along with codes that pre-date the creation of ISO 3166, for international vehicle registration codes, which are codes used to identify the issuing country of a vehicle registration plate; some of these codes are currently indeterminately reserved in ISO 3166-1.¹³

IETF language tags are also partially derived from ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes.¹⁴

Current codes

Decoding table

The following is a colour-coded decoding table of all ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes.¹⁵

Click on the cell to see the definition of each code.

Decoding table of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes
`AA`	`AB`	`AC`	`AD`	`AE`	`AF`	`AG`	`AH`	`AI`	`AJ`	`AK`	`AL`	`AM`	`AN`	`AO`	`AP`	`AQ`	`AR`	`AS`	`AT`	`AU`	`AV`	`AW`	`AX`	`AY`	`AZ`
`BA`	`BB`	`BC`	`BD`	`BE`	`BF`	`BG`	`BH`	`BI`	`BJ`	`BK`	`BL`	`BM`	`BN`	`BO`	`BP`	`BQ`	`BR`	`BS`	`BT`	`BU`	`BV`	`BW`	`BX`	`BY`	`BZ`
`CA`	`CB`	`CC`	`CD`	`CE`	`CF`	`CG`	`CH`	`CI`	`CJ`	`CK`	`CL`	`CM`	`CN`	`CO`	`CP`	`CQ`	`CR`	`CS`	`CT`	`CU`	`CV`	`CW`	`CX`	`CY`	`CZ`
`DA`	`DB`	`DC`	`DD`	`DE`	`DF`	`DG`	`DH`	`DI`	`DJ`	`DK`	`DL`	`DM`	`DN`	`DO`	`DP`	`DQ`	`DR`	`DS`	`DT`	`DU`	`DV`	`DW`	`DX`	`DY`	`DZ`
`EA`	`EB`	`EC`	`ED`	`EE`	`EF`	`EG`	`EH`	`EI`	`EJ`	`EK`	`EL`	`EM`	`EN`	`EO`	`EP`	`EQ`	`ER`	`ES`	`ET`	`EU`	`EV`	`EW`	`EX`	`EY`	`EZ`
`FA`	`FB`	`FC`	`FD`	`FE`	`FF`	`FG`	`FH`	`FI`	`FJ`	`FK`	`FL`	`FM`	`FN`	`FO`	`FP`	`FQ`	`FR`	`FS`	`FT`	`FU`	`FV`	`FW`	`FX`	`FY`	`FZ`
`GA`	`GB`	`GC`	`GD`	`GE`	`GF`	`GG`	`GH`	`GI`	`GJ`	`GK`	`GL`	`GM`	`GN`	`GO`	`GP`	`GQ`	`GR`	`GS`	`GT`	`GU`	`GV`	`GW`	`GX`	`GY`	`GZ`
`HA`	`HB`	`HC`	`HD`	`HE`	`HF`	`HG`	`HH`	`HI`	`HJ`	`HK`	`HL`	`HM`	`HN`	`HO`	`HP`	`HQ`	`HR`	`HS`	`HT`	`HU`	`HV`	`HW`	`HX`	`HY`	`HZ`
`IA`	`IB`	`IC`	`ID`	`IE`	`IF`	`IG`	`IH`	`II`	`IJ`	`IK`	`IL`	`IM`	`IN`	`IO`	`IP`	`IQ`	`IR`	`IS`	`IT`	`IU`	`IV`	`IW`	`IX`	`IY`	`IZ`
`JA`	`JB`	`JC`	`JD`	`JE`	`JF`	`JG`	`JH`	`JI`	`JJ`	`JK`	`JL`	`JM`	`JN`	`JO`	`JP`	`JQ`	`JR`	`JS`	`JT`	`JU`	`JV`	`JW`	`JX`	`JY`	`JZ`
`KA`	`KB`	`KC`	`KD`	`KE`	`KF`	`KG`	`KH`	`KI`	`KJ`	`KK`	`KL`	`KM`	`KN`	`KO`	`KP`	`KQ`	`KR`	`KS`	`KT`	`KU`	`KV`	`KW`	`KX`	`KY`	`KZ`
`LA`	`LB`	`LC`	`LD`	`LE`	`LF`	`LG`	`LH`	`LI`	`LJ`	`LK`	`LL`	`LM`	`LN`	`LO`	`LP`	`LQ`	`LR`	`LS`	`LT`	`LU`	`LV`	`LW`	`LX`	`LY`	`LZ`
`MA`	`MB`	`MC`	`MD`	`ME`	`MF`	`MG`	`MH`	`MI`	`MJ`	`MK`	`ML`	`MM`	`MN`	`MO`	`MP`	`MQ`	`MR`	`MS`	`MT`	`MU`	`MV`	`MW`	`MX`	`MY`	`MZ`
`NA`	`NB`	`NC`	`ND`	`NE`	`NF`	`NG`	`NH`	`NI`	`NJ`	`NK`	`NL`	`NM`	`NN`	`NO`	`NP`	`NQ`	`NR`	`NS`	`NT`	`NU`	`NV`	`NW`	`NX`	`NY`	`NZ`
`OA`	`OB`	`OC`	`OD`	`OE`	`OF`	`OG`	`OH`	`OI`	`OJ`	`OK`	`OL`	`OM`	`ON`	`OO`	`OP`	`OQ`	`OR`	`OS`	`OT`	`OU`	`OV`	`OW`	`OX`	`OY`	`OZ`
`PA`	`PB`	`PC`	`PD`	`PE`	`PF`	`PG`	`PH`	`PI`	`PJ`	`PK`	`PL`	`PM`	`PN`	`PO`	`PP`	`PQ`	`PR`	`PS`	`PT`	`PU`	`PV`	`PW`	`PX`	`PY`	`PZ`
`QA`	`QB`	`QC`	`QD`	`QE`	`QF`	`QG`	`QH`	`QI`	`QJ`	`QK`	`QL`	`QM`	`QN`	`QO`	`QP`	`QQ`	`QR`	`QS`	`QT`	`QU`	`QV`	`QW`	`QX`	`QY`	`QZ`
`RA`	`RB`	`RC`	`RD`	`RE`	`RF`	`RG`	`RH`	`RI`	`RJ`	`RK`	`RL`	`RM`	`RN`	`RO`	`RP`	`RQ`	`RR`	`RS`	`RT`	`RU`	`RV`	`RW`	`RX`	`RY`	`RZ`
`SA`	`SB`	`SC`	`SD`	`SE`	`SF`	`SG`	`SH`	`SI`	`SJ`	`SK`	`SL`	`SM`	`SN`	`SO`	`SP`	`SQ`	`SR`	`SS`	`ST`	`SU`	`SV`	`SW`	`SX`	`SY`	`SZ`
`TA`	`TB`	`TC`	`TD`	`TE`	`TF`	`TG`	`TH`	`TI`	`TJ`	`TK`	`TL`	`TM`	`TN`	`TO`	`TP`	`TQ`	`TR`	`TS`	`TT`	`TU`	`TV`	`TW`	`TX`	`TY`	`TZ`
`UA`	`UB`	`UC`	`UD`	`UE`	`UF`	`UG`	`UH`	`UI`	`UJ`	`UK`	`UL`	`UM`	`UN`	`UO`	`UP`	`UQ`	`UR`	`US`	`UT`	`UU`	`UV`	`UW`	`UX`	`UY`	`UZ`
`VA`	`VB`	`VC`	`VD`	`VE`	`VF`	`VG`	`VH`	`VI`	`VJ`	`VK`	`VL`	`VM`	`VN`	`VO`	`VP`	`VQ`	`VR`	`VS`	`VT`	`VU`	`VV`	`VW`	`VX`	`VY`	`VZ`
`WA`	`WB`	`WC`	`WD`	`WE`	`WF`	`WG`	`WH`	`WI`	`WJ`	`WK`	`WL`	`WM`	`WN`	`WO`	`WP`	`WQ`	`WR`	`WS`	`WT`	`WU`	`WV`	`WW`	`WX`	`WY`	`WZ`
`XA`	`XB`	`XC`	`XD`	`XE`	`XF`	`XG`	`XH`	`XI`	`XJ`	`XK`	`XL`	`XM`	`XN`	`XO`	`XP`	`XQ`	`XR`	`XS`	`XT`	`XU`	`XV`	`XW`	`XX`	`XY`	`XZ`
`YA`	`YB`	`YC`	`YD`	`YE`	`YF`	`YG`	`YH`	`YI`	`YJ`	`YK`	`YL`	`YM`	`YN`	`YO`	`YP`	`YQ`	`YR`	`YS`	`YT`	`YU`	`YV`	`YW`	`YX`	`YY`	`YZ`
`ZA`	`ZB`	`ZC`	`ZD`	`ZE`	`ZF`	`ZG`	`ZH`	`ZI`	`ZJ`	`ZK`	`ZL`	`ZM`	`ZN`	`ZO`	`ZP`	`ZQ`	`ZR`	`ZS`	`ZT`	`ZU`	`ZV`	`ZW`	`ZX`	`ZY`	`ZZ`
Colour legend
		Officially assigned: assigned to a country, territory, or area of geographical interest.
		User assigned: free for assignment at the disposal of users.
		Exceptionally reserved: reserved on request for restricted use.
		Transitionally reserved: deleted from ISO 3166-1 but reserved transitionally.
		Indeterminately reserved: used in coding systems associated with ISO 3166-1.
		Not used: not used in ISO 3166-1 in deference to international property organisation names.
		Un-assigned: free for assignment by the ISO 3166/MA only.

Officially assigned code elements

The following is a complete list of the current^when? officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes, with the following columns:

Code — ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code
Country name — English short country name officially used by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA)¹⁶
Year — Year when alpha-2 code was first officially assigned (1974, first edition of ISO 3166)
ccTLD — Corresponding country code top-level domain (note that some are inactive); exceptions where another ccTLD is assigned for the country are shown in parentheses
ISO 3166-2 — Corresponding ISO 3166-2 codes
Notes — Any unofficial notes

Code	Country name	Year	ccTLD	ISO 3166-2	Notes
`AD`	Andorra	1974	.ad	ISO 3166-2:AD
`AE`	United Arab Emirates	1974	.ae	ISO 3166-2:AE
`AF`	Afghanistan	1974	.af	ISO 3166-2:AF
`AG`	Antigua and Barbuda	1974	.ag	ISO 3166-2:AG
`AI`	Anguilla	1983	.ai	ISO 3166-2:AI	`AI` previously represented French Afar and Issas
`AL`	Albania	1974	.al	ISO 3166-2:AL
`AM`	Armenia	1992	.am	ISO 3166-2:AM
`AO`	Angola	1974	.ao	ISO 3166-2:AO
`AQ`	Antarctica	1974	.aq	ISO 3166-2:AQ	Covers the territories south of 60° south latitude Code taken from name in French: Antarctique
`AR`	Argentina	1974	.ar	ISO 3166-2:AR
`AS`	American Samoa	1974	.as	ISO 3166-2:AS
`AT`	Austria	1974	.at	ISO 3166-2:AT
`AU`	Australia	1974	.au	ISO 3166-2:AU	Includes the Ashmore and Cartier Islands and the Coral Sea Islands
`AW`	Aruba	1986	.aw	ISO 3166-2:AW
`AX`	Aland Islands !Åland Islands	2004	.ax	ISO 3166-2:AX
`AZ`	Azerbaijan	1992	.az	ISO 3166-2:AZ
`BA`	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1992	.ba	ISO 3166-2:BA
`BB`	Barbados	1974	.bb	ISO 3166-2:BB
`BD`	Bangladesh	1974	.bd	ISO 3166-2:BD
`BE`	Belgium	1974	.be	ISO 3166-2:BE
`BF`	Burkina Faso	1984	.bf	ISO 3166-2:BF	Name changed from Upper Volta (`HV`)
`BG`	Bulgaria	1974	.bg	ISO 3166-2:BG
`BH`	Bahrain	1974	.bh	ISO 3166-2:BH
`BI`	Burundi	1974	.bi	ISO 3166-2:BI
`BJ`	Benin	1977	.bj	ISO 3166-2:BJ	Name changed from Dahomey (`DY`)
`BL`	Saint Barthélemy	2007	.bl	ISO 3166-2:BL
`BM`	Bermuda	1974	.bm	ISO 3166-2:BM
`BN`	Brunei Darussalam	1974	.bn	ISO 3166-2:BN	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Brunei)
`BO`	Bolivia, Plurinational State of	1974	.bo	ISO 3166-2:BO	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name: Bolivia)
`BQ`	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	2010	.bq	ISO 3166-2:BQ	Consists of three Caribbean "special municipalities", which are part of the Netherlands proper: Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba (the BES Islands) Previous ISO country name: Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba `BQ` previously represented British Antarctic Territory
`BR`	Brazil	1974	.br	ISO 3166-2:BR
`BS`	Bahamas	1974	.bs	ISO 3166-2:BS
`BT`	Bhutan	1974	.bt	ISO 3166-2:BT
`BV`	Bouvet Island	1974	.bv	ISO 3166-2:BV
`BW`	Botswana	1974	.bw	ISO 3166-2:BW
`BY`	Belarus	1974	.by	ISO 3166-2:BY	Code taken from previous ISO country name: Byelorussian SSR (now assigned ISO 3166-3 code `BYAA`) Code assigned as the country was already a UN member since 1945¹⁷
`BZ`	Belize	1974	.bz	ISO 3166-2:BZ
`CA`	Canada	1974	.ca	ISO 3166-2:CA
`CC`	Cocos (Keeling) Islands	1974	.cc	ISO 3166-2:CC
`CD`	Congo, the Democratic Republic of the	1997	.cd	ISO 3166-2:CD	Name changed from Zaire (`ZR`)
`CF`	Central African Republic	1974	.cf	ISO 3166-2:CF
`CG`	Congo	1974	.cg	ISO 3166-2:CG
`CH`	Switzerland	1974	.ch	ISO 3166-2:CH	Code taken from name in Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica
`CI`	Cote d'Ivoire !Côte d'Ivoire	1974	.ci	ISO 3166-2:CI
`CK`	Cook Islands	1974	.ck	ISO 3166-2:CK
`CL`	Chile	1974	.cl	ISO 3166-2:CL
`CM`	Cameroon	1974	.cm	ISO 3166-2:CM
`CN`	China	1974	.cn	ISO 3166-2:CN
`CO`	Colombia	1974	.co	ISO 3166-2:CO
`CR`	Costa Rica	1974	.cr	ISO 3166-2:CR
`CU`	Cuba	1974	.cu	ISO 3166-2:CU
`CV`	Cape Verde	1974	.cv	ISO 3166-2:CV
`CW`	Curaçao	2010	.cw	ISO 3166-2:CW
`CX`	Christmas Island	1974	.cx	ISO 3166-2:CX
`CY`	Cyprus	1974	.cy	ISO 3166-2:CY
`CZ`	Czech Republic	1993	.cz	ISO 3166-2:CZ
`DE`	Germany	1974	.de	ISO 3166-2:DE	Code taken from name in German: Deutschland Code used for West Germany before 1990 (previous ISO country name: Germany, Federal Republic of)
`DJ`	Djibouti	1977	.dj	ISO 3166-2:DJ	Name changed from French Afar and Issas (`AI`)
`DK`	Denmark	1974	.dk	ISO 3166-2:DK
`DM`	Dominica	1974	.dm	ISO 3166-2:DM
`DO`	Dominican Republic	1974	.do	ISO 3166-2:DO
`DZ`	Algeria	1974	.dz	ISO 3166-2:DZ	Code taken from name in Kabyle: Dzayer
`EC`	Ecuador	1974	.ec	ISO 3166-2:EC
`EE`	Estonia	1992	.ee	ISO 3166-2:EE	Code taken from name in Estonian: Eesti
`EG`	Egypt	1974	.eg	ISO 3166-2:EG
`EH`	Western Sahara	1974	.eh	ISO 3166-2:EH	Previous ISO country name: Spanish Sahara (code taken from name in Spanish: Sahara español)
`ER`	Eritrea	1993	.er	ISO 3166-2:ER
`ES`	Spain	1974	.es	ISO 3166-2:ES	Code taken from name in Spanish: España
`ET`	Ethiopia	1974	.et	ISO 3166-2:ET
`FI`	Finland	1974	.fi	ISO 3166-2:FI
`FJ`	Fiji	1974	.fj	ISO 3166-2:FJ
`FK`	Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	1974	.fk	ISO 3166-2:FK
`FM`	Micronesia, Federated States of	1986	.fm	ISO 3166-2:FM	Previous ISO country name: Micronesia
`FO`	Faroe Islands	1974	.fo	ISO 3166-2:FO
`FR`	France	1974	.fr	ISO 3166-2:FR	Includes Clipperton Island
`GA`	Gabon	1974	.ga	ISO 3166-2:GA
`GB`	United Kingdom	1974	.gb (.uk)	ISO 3166-2:GB	Code taken from Great Britain (from official name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)¹⁸ .uk is the primary ccTLD of the United Kingdom instead of .gb (see code `UK`, which is exceptionally reserved)
`GD`	Grenada	1974	.gd	ISO 3166-2:GD
`GE`	Georgia	1992	.ge	ISO 3166-2:GE	`GE` previously represented Gilbert and Ellice Islands
`GF`	French Guiana	1974	.gf	ISO 3166-2:GF	Code taken from name in French: Guyane française
`GG`	Guernsey	2006	.gg	ISO 3166-2:GG
`GH`	Ghana	1974	.gh	ISO 3166-2:GH
`GI`	Gibraltar	1974	.gi	ISO 3166-2:GI
`GL`	Greenland	1974	.gl	ISO 3166-2:GL
`GM`	Gambia	1974	.gm	ISO 3166-2:GM
`GN`	Guinea	1974	.gn	ISO 3166-2:GN
`GP`	Guadeloupe	1974	.gp	ISO 3166-2:GP
`GQ`	Equatorial Guinea	1974	.gq	ISO 3166-2:GQ	Code taken from name in French: Guinée équatoriale
`GR`	Greece	1974	.gr	ISO 3166-2:GR
`GS`	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	1993	.gs	ISO 3166-2:GS
`GT`	Guatemala	1974	.gt	ISO 3166-2:GT
`GU`	Guam	1974	.gu	ISO 3166-2:GU
`GW`	Guinea-Bissau	1974	.gw	ISO 3166-2:GW
`GY`	Guyana	1974	.gy	ISO 3166-2:GY
`HK`	Hong Kong	1974	.hk	ISO 3166-2:HK
`HM`	Heard Island and McDonald Islands	1974	.hm	ISO 3166-2:HM
`HN`	Honduras	1974	.hn	ISO 3166-2:HN
`HR`	Croatia	1992	.hr	ISO 3166-2:HR	Code taken from name in Croatian: Hrvatska
`HT`	Haiti	1974	.ht	ISO 3166-2:HT
`HU`	Hungary	1974	.hu	ISO 3166-2:HU
`ID`	Indonesia	1974	.id	ISO 3166-2:ID
`IE`	Ireland	1974	.ie	ISO 3166-2:IE
`IL`	Israel	1974	.il	ISO 3166-2:IL
`IM`	Isle of Man	2006	.im	ISO 3166-2:IM
`IN`	India	1974	.in	ISO 3166-2:IN
`IO`	British Indian Ocean Territory	1974	.io	ISO 3166-2:IO
`IQ`	Iraq	1974	.iq	ISO 3166-2:IQ
`IR`	Iran, Islamic Republic of	1974	.ir	ISO 3166-2:IR	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Iran)
`IS`	Iceland	1974	.is	ISO 3166-2:IS	Code taken from name in Icelandic: Ísland
`IT`	Italy	1974	.it	ISO 3166-2:IT
`JE`	Jersey	2006	.je	ISO 3166-2:JE
`JM`	Jamaica	1974	.jm	ISO 3166-2:JM
`JO`	Jordan	1974	.jo	ISO 3166-2:JO
`JP`	Japan	1974	.jp	ISO 3166-2:JP
`KE`	Kenya	1974	.ke	ISO 3166-2:KE
`KG`	Kyrgyzstan	1992	.kg	ISO 3166-2:KG
`KH`	Cambodia	1974	.kh	ISO 3166-2:KH	Code taken from former name: Khmer Republic Previous ISO country name: Kampuchea
`KI`	Kiribati	1979	.ki	ISO 3166-2:KI
`KM`	Comoros	1974	.km	ISO 3166-2:KM	Code taken from name in Comorian: Komori
`KN`	Saint Kitts and Nevis	1974	.kn	ISO 3166-2:KN	Previous ISO country name: Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla
`KP`	Korea, Democratic People's Republic of	1974	.kp	ISO 3166-2:KP	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: North Korea)
`KR`	Korea, Republic of	1974	.kr	ISO 3166-2:KR	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: South Korea)
`KW`	Kuwait	1974	.kw	ISO 3166-2:KW
`KY`	Cayman Islands	1974	.ky	ISO 3166-2:KY
`KZ`	Kazakhstan	1992	.kz	ISO 3166-2:KZ	Previous ISO country name: Kazakstan
`LA`	Lao People's Democratic Republic	1974	.la	ISO 3166-2:LA	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Laos)
`LB`	Lebanon	1974	.lb	ISO 3166-2:LB
`LC`	Saint Lucia	1974	.lc	ISO 3166-2:LC
`LI`	Liechtenstein	1974	.li	ISO 3166-2:LI
`LK`	Sri Lanka	1974	.lk	ISO 3166-2:LK
`LR`	Liberia	1974	.lr	ISO 3166-2:LR
`LS`	Lesotho	1974	.ls	ISO 3166-2:LS
`LT`	Lithuania	1992	.lt	ISO 3166-2:LT
`LU`	Luxembourg	1974	.lu	ISO 3166-2:LU
`LV`	Latvia	1992	.lv	ISO 3166-2:LV
`LY`	Libya	1974	.ly	ISO 3166-2:LY	Previous ISO country name: Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
`MA`	Morocco	1974	.ma	ISO 3166-2:MA	Code taken from name in French: Maroc
`MC`	Monaco	1974	.mc	ISO 3166-2:MC
`MD`	Moldova, Republic of	1992	.md	ISO 3166-2:MD	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name: Moldova)
`ME`	Montenegro	2006	.me	ISO 3166-2:ME
`MF`	Saint Martin (French part)	2007	.mf	ISO 3166-2:MF	The Dutch part of Saint Martin island is assigned code `SX`
`MG`	Madagascar	1974	.mg	ISO 3166-2:MG
`MH`	Marshall Islands	1986	.mh	ISO 3166-2:MH
`MK`	Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	1993	.mk	ISO 3166-2:MK	ISO country name follows UN designation (due to Macedonia naming dispute; official name used by country itself: Republic of Macedonia) Code taken from name in Macedonian: Makedonija
`ML`	Mali	1974	.ml	ISO 3166-2:ML
`MM`	Myanmar	1989	.mm	ISO 3166-2:MM	Name changed from Burma (`BU`)
`MN`	Mongolia	1974	.mn	ISO 3166-2:MN
`MO`	Macao	1974	.mo	ISO 3166-2:MO	Previous ISO country name: Macau
`MP`	Northern Mariana Islands	1986	.mp	ISO 3166-2:MP
`MQ`	Martinique	1974	.mq	ISO 3166-2:MQ
`MR`	Mauritania	1974	.mr	ISO 3166-2:MR
`MS`	Montserrat	1974	.ms	ISO 3166-2:MS
`MT`	Malta	1974	.mt	ISO 3166-2:MT
`MU`	Mauritius	1974	.mu	ISO 3166-2:MU
`MV`	Maldives	1974	.mv	ISO 3166-2:MV
`MW`	Malawi	1974	.mw	ISO 3166-2:MW
`MX`	Mexico	1974	.mx	ISO 3166-2:MX
`MY`	Malaysia	1974	.my	ISO 3166-2:MY
`MZ`	Mozambique	1974	.mz	ISO 3166-2:MZ
`NA`	Namibia	1974	.na	ISO 3166-2:NA
`NC`	New Caledonia	1974	.nc	ISO 3166-2:NC
`NE`	Niger	1974	.ne	ISO 3166-2:NE
`NF`	Norfolk Island	1974	.nf	ISO 3166-2:NF
`NG`	Nigeria	1974	.ng	ISO 3166-2:NG
`NI`	Nicaragua	1974	.ni	ISO 3166-2:NI
`NL`	Netherlands	1974	.nl	ISO 3166-2:NL
`NO`	Norway	1974	.no	ISO 3166-2:NO
`NP`	Nepal	1974	.np	ISO 3166-2:NP
`NR`	Nauru	1974	.nr	ISO 3166-2:NR
`NU`	Niue	1974	.nu	ISO 3166-2:NU
`NZ`	New Zealand	1974	.nz	ISO 3166-2:NZ
`OM`	Oman	1974	.om	ISO 3166-2:OM
`PA`	Panama	1974	.pa	ISO 3166-2:PA
`PE`	Peru	1974	.pe	ISO 3166-2:PE
`PF`	French Polynesia	1974	.pf	ISO 3166-2:PF	Code taken from name in French: Polynésie française
`PG`	Papua New Guinea	1974	.pg	ISO 3166-2:PG
`PH`	Philippines	1974	.ph	ISO 3166-2:PH
`PK`	Pakistan	1974	.pk	ISO 3166-2:PK
`PL`	Poland	1974	.pl	ISO 3166-2:PL
`PM`	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	1974	.pm	ISO 3166-2:PM
`PN`	Pitcairn	1974	.pn	ISO 3166-2:PN
`PR`	Puerto Rico	1974	.pr	ISO 3166-2:PR
`PS`	Palestinian Territory, Occupied	1999	.ps	ISO 3166-2:PS	Consists of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
`PT`	Portugal	1974	.pt	ISO 3166-2:PT
`PW`	Palau	1986	.pw	ISO 3166-2:PW
`PY`	Paraguay	1974	.py	ISO 3166-2:PY
`QA`	Qatar	1974	.qa	ISO 3166-2:QA
`RE`	Reunion !Réunion	1974	.re	ISO 3166-2:RE
`RO`	Romania	1974	.ro	ISO 3166-2:RO
`RS`	Serbia	2006	.rs	ISO 3166-2:RS	Code taken from official name: Republic of Serbia (see Serbian country codes)
`RU`	Russian Federation	1992	.ru	ISO 3166-2:RU	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Russia)
`RW`	Rwanda	1974	.rw	ISO 3166-2:RW
`SA`	Saudi Arabia	1974	.sa	ISO 3166-2:SA
`SB`	Solomon Islands	1974	.sb	ISO 3166-2:SB	Code taken from former name: British Solomon Islands
`SC`	Seychelles	1974	.sc	ISO 3166-2:SC
`SD`	Sudan	1974	.sd	ISO 3166-2:SD
`SE`	Sweden	1974	.se	ISO 3166-2:SE
`SG`	Singapore	1974	.sg	ISO 3166-2:SG
`SH`	Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha	1974	.sh	ISO 3166-2:SH	Previous ISO country name: Saint Helena
`SI`	Slovenia	1992	.si	ISO 3166-2:SI
`SJ`	Svalbard and Jan Mayen	1974	.sj	ISO 3166-2:SJ	Consists of two arctic territories of Norway: Svalbard and Jan Mayen
`SK`	Slovakia	1993	.sk	ISO 3166-2:SK	`SK` previously represented Sikkim
`SL`	Sierra Leone	1974	.sl	ISO 3166-2:SL
`SM`	San Marino	1974	.sm	ISO 3166-2:SM
`SN`	Senegal	1974	.sn	ISO 3166-2:SN
`SO`	Somalia	1974	.so	ISO 3166-2:SO
`SR`	Suriname	1974	.sr	ISO 3166-2:SR
`SS`	South Sudan	2011	.ss	ISO 3166-2:SS
`ST`	Sao Tome and Principe	1974	.st	ISO 3166-2:ST
`SV`	El Salvador	1974	.sv	ISO 3166-2:SV
`SX`	Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	2010	.sx	ISO 3166-2:SX	The French part of Saint Martin island is assigned code `MF`
`SY`	Syrian Arab Republic	1974	.sy	ISO 3166-2:SY	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Syria)
`SZ`	Swaziland	1974	.sz	ISO 3166-2:SZ
`TC`	Turks and Caicos Islands	1974	.tc	ISO 3166-2:TC
`TD`	Chad	1974	.td	ISO 3166-2:TD	Code taken from name in French: Tchad
`TF`	French Southern Territories	1979	.tf	ISO 3166-2:TF	Covers the French Southern and Antarctic Lands except Adélie Land Code taken from name in French: Terres australes françaises
`TG`	Togo	1974	.tg	ISO 3166-2:TG
`TH`	Thailand	1974	.th	ISO 3166-2:TH
`TJ`	Tajikistan	1992	.tj	ISO 3166-2:TJ
`TK`	Tokelau	1974	.tk	ISO 3166-2:TK
`TL`	Timor-Leste	2002	.tl	ISO 3166-2:TL	Name changed from East Timor (`TP`)
`TM`	Turkmenistan	1992	.tm	ISO 3166-2:TM
`TN`	Tunisia	1974	.tn	ISO 3166-2:TN
`TO`	Tonga	1974	.to	ISO 3166-2:TO
`TR`	Turkey	1974	.tr	ISO 3166-2:TR
`TT`	Trinidad and Tobago	1974	.tt	ISO 3166-2:TT
`TV`	Tuvalu	1979	.tv	ISO 3166-2:TV
`TW`	Taiwan, Province of China	1974	.tw	ISO 3166-2:TW	Covers the current jurisdiction of the Republic of China except Kinmen and Lienchiang ISO country name follows UN designation (due to political status of Taiwan within the UN)¹⁸
`TZ`	Tanzania, United Republic of	1974	.tz	ISO 3166-2:TZ	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name: Tanzania)
`UA`	Ukraine	1974	.ua	ISO 3166-2:UA	Previous ISO country name: Ukrainian SSR Code assigned as the country was already a UN member since 1945¹⁷
`UG`	Uganda	1974	.ug	ISO 3166-2:UG
`UM`	United States Minor Outlying Islands	1986	.um	ISO 3166-2:UM	Consists of nine minor insular areas of the United States: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island
`US`	United States	1974	.us	ISO 3166-2:US
`UY`	Uruguay	1974	.uy	ISO 3166-2:UY
`UZ`	Uzbekistan	1992	.uz	ISO 3166-2:UZ
`VA`	Holy See (Vatican City State)	1974	.va	ISO 3166-2:VA	Covers Vatican City, territory of the Holy See Previous ISO country name: Vatican City State (Holy See)
`VC`	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1974	.vc	ISO 3166-2:VC
`VE`	Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of	1974	.ve	ISO 3166-2:VE	ISO country name follows UN designation (common name and previous ISO country name: Venezuela)
`VG`	Virgin Islands, British	1974	.vg	ISO 3166-2:VG
`VI`	Virgin Islands, U.S.	1974	.vi	ISO 3166-2:VI
`VN`	Viet Nam	1974	.vn	ISO 3166-2:VN	ISO country name follows UN spelling (common spelling: Vietnam)
`VU`	Vanuatu	1980	.vu	ISO 3166-2:VU	Name changed from New Hebrides (`NH`)
`WF`	Wallis and Futuna	1974	.wf	ISO 3166-2:WF
`WS`	Samoa	1974	.ws	ISO 3166-2:WS	Code taken from former name: Western Samoa
`YE`	Yemen	1974	.ye	ISO 3166-2:YE	Previous ISO country name: Yemen, Republic of Code used for North Yemen before 1990
`YT`	Mayotte	1993	.yt	ISO 3166-2:YT
`ZA`	South Africa	1974	.za	ISO 3166-2:ZA	Code taken from name in Dutch: Zuid-Afrika
`ZM`	Zambia	1974	.zm	ISO 3166-2:ZM
`ZW`	Zimbabwe	1980	.zw	ISO 3166-2:ZW	Name changed from Southern Rhodesia (`RH`)

User-assigned code elements

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The following alpha-2 codes can be user-assigned: AA, QM to QZ, XA to XZ, and ZZ. For example:

UN/LOCODE assigns XZ to represent installations in international waters.⁸
The Unicode Common Locale Data Repository assigns QO to represent Outlying Oceania (a multi-territory region containing Antarctica, Bouvet Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Christmas Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the French Southern Territories, and the United States Minor Outlying Islands), QU to represent the European Union, and ZZ to represent "Unknown or Invalid Territory".¹⁹
The code XK is being used by the European Commission,²⁰ Switzerland,²¹ the Deutsche Bundesbank,²² and other organizations as a temporary country code for Kosovo.²³

Reserved code elements

Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete, or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid transitional application problems and to aid users who require specific additional code elements for the functioning of their coding systems, the ISO 3166/MA, when justified, reserves these codes which it undertakes not to use for other than specified purposes during a limited or indeterminate period of time. The reserved alpha-2 codes can be divided into the following four categories: exceptional reservations, transitional reservations, indeterminate reservations, and codes currently agreed not to use.

Exceptional reservations

Exceptionally reserved code elements are codes reserved at the request of national ISO member bodies, governments and international organizations, which are required in order to support a particular application, as specified by the requesting body and limited to such use; any further use of such code elements is subject to approval by the ISO 3166/MA. The following alpha-2 codes are currently exceptionally reserved:

Code	Area name or country name	ccTLD	Notes
`AC`	Ascension Island	.ac	Reserved on request of UPU for stamp issuing area
`CP`	Clipperton Island	—	Reserved on request of ITU for location of certain telecommunications installations
`DG`	Diego Garcia	—	Reserved on request of ITU for location of certain telecommunications installations
`EA`	Ceuta, Melilla	—	Reserved on request of WCO for area not covered by European Union Customs arrangements Part of Spanish North Africa (Spanish: África Septentrional Española)
`EU`	European Union	.eu	Reserved on request of ISO 4217/MA for the European monetary unit Euro Extended for ISO 6166 "Securities – International securities identification numbering system (ISIN)" in March 1998 Extended for any application needing to represent the name European Union in August 1999
`FX`	France, Metropolitan	—	Reserved on request of France Officially assigned before deleted from ISO 3166-1 (now assigned ISO 3166-3 code `FXFR`)
`IC`	Canary Islands	—	Reserved on request of WCO for area not covered by European Union Customs arrangements. Code taken from name in Spanish: Islas Canarias
`SU`	USSR	.su	From June 2008; Transitionally reserved from September 1992 Officially assigned before deleted from ISO 3166-1 (now assigned ISO 3166-3 code `SUHH`) Official name: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (common name: Soviet Union)
`TA`	Tristan da Cunha	—	Reserved on request of UPU for stamp issuing area
`UK`	United Kingdom	.uk	Reserved on request of the United Kingdom lest `UK` be used for any other country Also used by the European Commission United Kingdom is officially assigned the alpha-2 code `GB`

The following alpha-2 codes were previously exceptionally reserved, but are now officially assigned:

Code	Area name or country name	Notes
`AX`	Åland	Reserved on request of Finland
`GG`	Guernsey	Reserved on request of UPU for stamp issuing area
`IM`	Isle of Man	Reserved on request of UPU for stamp issuing area
`JE`	Jersey	Reserved on request of UPU for stamp issuing area

Transitional reservations

Transitional reserved code elements are codes reserved after their deletion from ISO 3166-1. These codes may be used only during a transitional period of at least five years while new code elements that may have replaced them are taken into use. These codes may be reassigned by the ISO 3166/MA after the expiration of the transitional period. The following alpha-2 codes are currently transitionally reserved:

Code	Formerly used country name	Date of reservation	ccTLD	ISO 3166-2	ISO 3166-3	Notes
`AN`	Netherlands Antilles	2010-12	.an !.an	ISO 3166-2:AN	`ANHH`
`BU`	Burma	1989-12	—	—	`BUMM`
`CS`	Serbia and Montenegro	2006-09	.yu !(.yu)	ISO 3166-2:CS	`CSXX`	Code taken from name in Serbian: Srbija i Crna Gora .yu was the ccTLD of Serbia and Montenegro, as name was changed from Yugoslavia (`YU`) `CS` previously represented Czechoslovakia (.cs never assigned to Serbia and Montengro)
`NT`	Neutral Zone	1993-07	—	—	`NTHH`
`SF`	Finland	1995-09	—	—	—	Previously used in international postal codes and vehicle registration codes to represent Finland (code was not officially assigned) Code taken from name in Finnish and Swedish combined: Suomi Finland Finland is officially assigned the alpha-2 code `FI`
`TP`	East Timor	2002-05	.tp	ISO 3166-2:TP	`TPTL`	Code taken from previous ISO country name: Portuguese Timor
`YU`	Yugoslavia	2003-07	.yu	ISO 3166-2:YU	`YUCS`	Code used for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia before 1992 and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia after 1992
`ZR`	Zaire	1997-07	.zr	—	`ZRCD`

The following alpha-2 code was previously transitionally reserved, but was later reassigned to another country as its official code:

Code	Formerly used country name	Date of reservation	ccTLD	ISO 3166-2	ISO 3166-3	Notes
`CS`	Czechoslovakia	1993-06	.cs	—	`CSHH`	Code reassigned to Serbia and Montenegro

For each deleted alpha-2 code, an entry for the corresponding former country name is included in ISO 3166-3. Each entry is assigned a four-letter alphabetic code, where the first two letters are the deleted alpha-2 code.

Indeterminate reservations

Indeterminately reserved code elements are codes used to designate road vehicles under the 1949 and 1968 United Nations Conventions on Road Traffic but differing from those contained in ISO 3166-1. These code elements are expected eventually to be either eliminated or replaced by code elements within ISO 3166-1. In the meantime, the ISO 3166/MA has reserved such code elements for an indeterminate period. Any use beyond the application of the two Conventions is discouraged and will not be approved by the ISO 3166/MA. Moreover, these codes may be reassigned by the ISO 3166/MA at any time. The following alpha-2 codes are currently indeterminately reserved:

Code	Area name or country name	Notes
`DY`	Benin	^{note 1}
`EW`	Estonia	^{note 1}
`FL`	Liechtenstein	^{note 2}
`JA`	Jamaica	^{note 3}
`LF`	Libya Fezzan	^{note 2}
`PI`	Philippines	^{note 3}
`RA`	Argentina	^{note 3}
`RB`	Bolivia [cf. Botswana: identical code element]	^{note 2}
`RB`	Botswana [cf. Bolivia: identical code element]	^{note 3}
`RC`	China	^{note 3}
`RH`	Haiti	^{note 1}
`RI`	Indonesia	^{note 3}
`RL`	Lebanon	^{note 3}
`RM`	Madagascar	^{note 3}
`RN`	Niger	^{note 4}
`RP`	Philippines	^{note 4}
`WG`	Grenada	^{note 1}
`WL`	Saint Lucia	^{note 1}
`WV`	Saint Vincent	^{note 1}
`YV`	Venezuela	^{note 1}

The following alpha-2 codes were previously indeterminately reserved, but have been reassigned to another country as its official code:

Code	Area name or country name	Notes	Code reassigned to
`LT`	Libya Tripoli	^{note 2}	Lithuania
`ME`	Western Sahara	^{note 2}	Montenegro
`RU`	Burundi	^{note 2}	Russian Federation

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Code notified to United Nations Secretary-General under 1949 and/or 1968 Road Traffic Conventions
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Code in use for road transport purposes, but not notified to United Nations Secretary-General under 1949 Road Traffic Convention
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Code under 1949 Road Traffic Convention
^ ^a ^b Code under 1968 Road Traffic Convention

Codes currently agreed not to use

In addition, the ISO 3166/MA will not use the following alpha-2 codes at the present stage, as they are used for international intellectual property organizations in WIPO Standard ST.3:

Code	Organization name
`AP`	African Regional Industrial Property Organization
`BX`	Benelux Trademarks and Design Offices
`EF`	Union of Countries under the European Community Patent Convention
`EM`	European Trademark Office
`EP`	European Patent Organization
`EV`	Eurasian Patent Organization
`GC`	Patent Office of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)
`IB`	International Bureau of WIPO
`OA`	African Intellectual Property Organization
`WO`	World Intellectual Property Organization

WIPO Standard ST.3 actually uses EA, instead of EV, to represent the Eurasian Patent Organization. However, EA was already exceptionally reserved by the ISO 3166/MA to represent Ceuta and Melilla for customs purposes. The ISO 3166/MA proposed in 1995 that EV be used by WIPO to represent the Eurasian Patent Organization; however, this request was not honoured by WIPO.

Deleted codes

Besides the codes currently transitionally reserved and two other codes currently exceptionally reserved (FX for France, Metropolitan and SU for USSR), the following alpha-2 codes have also been deleted from ISO 3166-1:²⁴

Code	Formerly used country name	ISO 3166-3	Notes
`AI`	French Afar and Issas	`AIDJ`	Code later reassigned to Anguilla
`BQ`	British Antarctic Territory	`BQAQ`	Code later reassigned to Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
`CT`	Canton and Enderbury Islands	`CTKI`
`DD`	German Democratic Republic	`DDDE`	Code taken from name in German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik Common name: East Germany
`DY`	Dahomey	`DYBJ`
`FQ`	French Southern and Antarctic Territories	`FQHH`
`GE`	Gilbert and Ellice Islands	`GEHH`	Code later reassigned to Georgia
`HV`	Upper Volta	`HVBF`	Code taken from name in French: Haute-Volta
`JT`	Johnston Island	`JTUM`
`MI`	Midway Islands	`MIUM`
`NH`	New Hebrides	`NHVU`
`NQ`	Dronning Maud Land	`NQAQ`	Part of Norwegian Antarctic Territory
`PC`	Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the	`PCHH`
`PU`	U.S. Miscellaneous Pacific Islands	`PUUM`	Consisted of Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll
`PZ`	Panama Canal Zone	`PZPA`
`RH`	Southern Rhodesia	`RHZW`	Name used by country itself: Rhodesia (Southern Rhodesia was the colonial name)
`SK`	Sikkim	`SKIN`	Code later reassigned to Slovakia
`VD`	Viet-Nam, Democratic Republic of	`VDVN`	Common name: North Vietnam
`WK`	Wake Island	`WKUM`
`YD`	Yemen, Democratic	`YDYE`	Common name: South Yemen